This is a summary of research papers and studies
from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI)
ABOUT MUSHROOM EXTRACT
The utilization of mushroom extracts in skincare has transitioned from traditional remedy to a focal point of modern biomedical research. Among the most prominent species are Reishi (also known as Mannentake or Lingzhi) and Shiitake. According to the sources, these mushrooms—specifically Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi/Mannentake)—possess significant bioactive compounds, primarily polysaccharides, which offer a range of topical functions and benefits for the skin.
Properties
The primary bioactive property of medicinal mushrooms like Reishi/Mannentake and Auricularia auricula-judae is their high concentration of polysaccharides. These are complex carbohydrates that serve as the structural and functional backbones of the fungi. In Auricularia species, these polysaccharides are composed mainly of mannose, galactose, and glucose. For Reishi/Mannentake (Ganoderma lucidum), these polysaccharide-rich extracts are valued for their high antioxidant capacity and their ability to stimulate cellular growth.
Functions
The primary topical function of these fungal extracts is the modulation of the skin’s regenerative processes. The sources define the wound-healing and anti-aging process as a sequence involving inflammation, new tissue formation, and tissue remodeling. Fungal extracts like Mannentake and Reishi intervene primarily in the tissue growth phase.
Fibroblast Activation
Fibroblasts are essential for skin regeneration as they secrete the collagen framework. Extracts from mushrooms like Reishi and Auricularia have been shown to significantly induce fibroblast proliferation, migration, and invasion in a dose-dependent manner.
Keratinocyte Stimulation
Keratinocytes are responsible for repairing the structure of the stratum corneum. Fungal polysaccharides promote the migration and differentiation of these cells, which is critical for restoring the skin’s barrier function.
Benefits for the Skin
The clinical benefits of Reishi, Mannentake, and related macrofungal extracts are multifaceted, ranging from anti-aging effects to intensive wound repair.
Enhanced Collagen Synthesis
One of the most sought-after benefits in skincare is the stimulation of collagen production. The sources indicate that macrofungal extracts can increase collagen synthesis in human fibroblasts by approximately 40%, a degree of activity comparable to Vitamin C. This is essential for establishing the tensile strength of the skin and reducing the appearance of aging by remodeling the dermal layer.
Antioxidant and Photoprotective Effects
Skin aging and damage are often driven by Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), which are exacerbated by factors like UVB radiation. Fungal extracts exhibit potent antioxidant properties. Specifically, these extracts can help prevent cellular damage and prolonged inflammation.
Accelerated Wound Closure
Studies demonstrate that topical application of fungal polysaccharides leads to significantly rapid wound contractions. Treatments resulted in a thickened epidermis and a dense collagen network in the dermal layer within 12 days, without signs of toxicity, necrosis, or adverse inflammation.
Anti-Inflammatory Modulation
The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of mushrooms like Reishi and Mannentake help balance the local environment of the skin. They assist in reducing the accumulation of inflammatory cells, allowing the skin to transition from the inflammatory phase to repair.
Conclusion
Macrofungal extracts from mushrooms such as Reishi and Mannentake offer a powerful, natural resource for advanced skincare. Their polysaccharide content helps collagen production. While Shiitake requires careful handling due to reported dermatitis risks, the therapeutic potential of Ganoderma lucidum and related species in accelerating wound closure and protecting against oxidative stress makes them valuable in cosmetic applications.